Biochar increases rice yield by improving root morphological and root physiological functions in heavily saline-sodic paddy soil of Northeast China

Saline-sodic soil is one of the major threats to crop growth, production, and quality. Biochar amendment could alleviate adverse impacts saline-sodic stress in crops. However, effect biochar on root morphological, physiological functions, rice yield paddy has not been studied. Here, underlying mechanisms positive effects morphological characteristics functions roots under heavily amended with were evaluated. The was at zero-biochar (CK), 15g kg-1 (T1), 30 g (T2), or 45 (T3). addition significantly increased length, volume, dry weight, root-shoot ratio all growth stages. absorption vigor oxidization capacity enhanced by decreasing Na+/K+ ratio, MDA content, increasing K+ concentration after amendment. bleeding rate treatments different stage 11.01% 67.73% greater than these CK. It concluded that had soil.